Theses and Desertations

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Browsing Theses and Desertations by Author "ADEBOYE, Adebiyi Oladipupo"

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    ASSESSMENT OF MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF SOUTH-WEST NIGERIA INDIGENOUS WOVEN FABRICS ‘ASO-OKE’ PRODUCED ON TRADITIONAL AND MODIFIED FLOOR LOOMS
    (2023-10-25) ADEBOYE, Adebiyi Oladipupo
    ABSTRACT Weaving is interlacing of warp and weft yarns to produce fabrics on a loom. “Aso-Oke” is the most famous indigenous woven fabric in Southwest Nigeria. This study assessed the mechanical properties of Aso-Oke produced on traditional floor loom (TFL) and modified floor loom (MFL). The study employed an experimental design; fabricated and modified TFL by changing the heddles (thread to wire), shaft, and beater (wood to metal). Ten samples of 2/2 Matt woven fabric were produced using 91 ends per inch (EPI), varied (2, 3, 5, 7, and 8) numbers of filling yarns (NFY), and 100% textured polyester yarn on TFL (TFL1 to TFL5) and MFL (MFL1 to MFL5). Fabric weight (FW), Abrasion, Dimensional stability, Tensile and Elongation, Tearing strength, and Bending Length were mechanical properties tested. Data were analyzed using frequency counts, percentages, mean, standard deviation, independent t-test, PCA, and PLS-SEM analysis. Results showed that fabrics from both looms are close-set [cover factor (CF) of MFL (M=32) and TFL (M=28)] in warp way. Both looms produced lightweight fabrics (51-90 GSM) with TFL4 and MFL3 having 90 GSM. MFL fabrics GSM (M = 77) is greater than TFL (M = 71). After 1000 abrasion cycles, fabric TFL5 (0.1% weight loss) has highest wear resistance; TFL fabrics had higher mean abrasion % weight loss (APL) 0.07% than MFL fabrics (0.77%). TFL and MFL fabrics showed high dimensional stability (0% shrinkage) after 72 hours at 27oC ± 2oC and RH 65% ± 2%. Fabric MFL2 has highest warp way tensile strength (50.04kgf), TFL3 (54.86kgf) in weft, and MFL3 (44.46kgf) showed significantly high breaking elongation in warp and weft ways corresponding to 64 picks per inch. Tearing strength is highest in fabrics TFL5 (46.51kgf) and TFL4 (53.34kgf) in warp and weft ways respectively. MFL3 tearing resistance is higher in both the warp and weft ways. MFL3 and TFL4 had bending lengths above 12.00cm in weft way signifying higher flexural rigidity. Fabric MFL3 has highest bending modulus (30.90Nm-2) in weft way. T-test results revealed a significant (p<0.05) difference in Tearing Strength in weft way between MFL (29.34±8.56) and TFL (31.5±18.73; t = -0.23, p = 0.82) and significant difference in CF of MFL (12.67±3.08) and TFL (13.74±5.15; t =11.343, p = 0.000). The correlation matrix showed moderately positive relationships (r >.500), and PCA indicated that TFL had six strong mechanical properties as compared to MFL's eight (Flexural Rigidity .975 and Tensile .791 in weft way; Tearing Strength .962 in warp way; Bending Length (.968 and .804), Bending-Modulus (.924, -.836) in weft and warp ways, and FW.956) in component I (λ=6.33) accounting for TFL (45.19%) and MFL (55.12%) total variance explained. PLS-SEM showed a significant contribution of EPI, 2/2 matt weave structure, NFY, and CF on the mechanical properties of fabrics from TFL and MFL. The study concluded that the mechanical properties of lightweight Aso-Oke produced on TFL and MFL have excellent tensile, elongation, tearing strength, abrasion, shrinkage, and bending resistances influenced by yarn type, density, thickness, and weave structure, thus weaver skill is vital.